![]() Changes in negative affect were associated with a distributed component of interacting networks at a reduced threshold. This component emerged as a result of a focal effect confined to few connections. The increase in positive affect was supported by a unique component of interacting networks, including the medial prefrontal node of the default mode network, a posterior parietal node of the frontoparietal network, and anterior cingulate and rostral prefrontal parts of the salience network and visual lateral network. Perceived changes in positive affect were associated with feeling more active, alert, attentive, proud, and inspired, whilst changes in negative affect reflected reductions in distress and nervousness. For the first time, we employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify topological clusters of networks coupled with behavioural changes in positive and negative affect after a 5 min cold-water immersion. However, the neural mechanisms underlying these effects remain largely unknown. These results support that BPD is characterized by anomalies in GM and WM circuits related to early traumatic experiences and spe- cific symptoms.Īn emerging body of evidence indicates that short-term immersion in cold water facilitates positive affect and reduces negative affect. Notably, these circuits are affected by spe- cific child traumatic experiences (emotional and physical neglect, and physical abuse) and predict symptoms severity in the interpersonal and impulsivity domains. Results showed that two GM-WM covarying circuits, including basal ganglia, amygdala, and portions of the temporal lobes and of the orbitofrontal cortex, correctly classified BPD against HC. To this aim, we analyzed the structural images of patients with BPD and matched HCs. In the present study we applied for the first time an unsupervised machine learning approach known as mCCA+jICA, in combination with a supervised machine learning approach known as Random Forest, to possibly find covarying GM-WM circuits that sep- arate BPD from controls and that are also predictive of this diagnosis. Indeed, previous studies reported inconsistent findings concerning alterations in cortical and subcortical areas. ![]() Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe personality disorder whose neural bases are still unclear.
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